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2.9-LTS
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        • Section 0: Prep
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        • Section 1: Create Project
          • Generate Project Using API Specs
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        • Section 2: Integrate Persister & Kafka
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        • Section 3: Integrate Microservices
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          • Integrate MDMS Service
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        • Section 4: Integrate Billing & Payment
          • Custom Calculator Service
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          • Payment Back Update
        • Section 5: Other Advanced Integrations
          • Add Indexer Configuration
          • Certificate Generation
        • Section 6: Run Final Application
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            • DIGIT UI Core Flutter Components
              • Input Field
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            • DIGIT UI Components v0.2.0
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        • Customisation
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          • Login Page
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    • Operations Guide
      • DIGIT - Infra Overview
      • Kubernetes
        • RBAC Management
        • Database Dump - Playground
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      • GitOps
        • Git Client installation
        • GitHub organization creation
        • Adding new SSH key to it
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        • CODEOWNER Reviewers
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        • Setting up an OAuth with GitHub
        • Fork (Fork the mdms,config repo with a tenant-specific branch)
      • Working with Kubernetes
        • Installation of Kubectl
      • Containerizing application using Docker
        • Creation of Dockerhub account
      • Infra Provisioning Using Terraform
        • Installation of Terraform
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        • Obtaining SSL certificates with the help of cluster-issuer
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        • What to monitor?
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        • Identifying bottlenecks
        • Solutions
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      • Kafka Troubleshooting Guide
        • How to clean up Kafka logs
        • How to change or reset consumer offset in Kafka?
      • SRE Rituals
      • FAQs
        • I am unable to login to the citizen or employee portal. The UI shows a spinner.
        • My DSS dashboard is not reflecting accurate numbers? What can I do?
      • Deployment using helm
        • Helm Installation
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      • How to Dump Elasticsearch Indexes
      • Deploy Nginx-Ingress-Controller
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All content on this page by eGov Foundation is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

On this page
  • Overview
  • API objects
  • Role & ClusterRole
  • RoleBinding & ClusterRoleBinding

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  1. Guides
  2. Operations Guide
  3. Kubernetes

RBAC Management

Role-based access control

PreviousKubernetesNextDatabase Dump - Playground

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Overview

Role-based access control (RBAC) regulates access to a computer or network resources based on the roles of individual users within your organization.

RBAC authorization uses the rbac.authorization.k8s.io API group to drive authorization decisions, allowing you to configure policies through the Kubernetes API dynamically.

API objects

The RBAC API declares four Kubernetes objects: Role, ClusterRole, RoleBinding and ClusterRoleBinding. You can , or amend them, using tools such as kubectl, just like any other Kubernetes object.

Caution: These objects, by design, impose access restrictions. If you are making changes to a cluster as you learn, see to understand how those restrictions can prevent you from making some changes.

Role & ClusterRole

An RBAC Role or ClusterRole contains rules that represent a set of permissions. Permissions are purely additive (there are no "deny" rules).

A Role always sets permissions within a particular ; when you create a Role, you have to specify the namespace it belongs in.

ClusterRole, by contrast, is a non-namespaced resource. The resources have different names (Role and ClusterRole) because a Kubernetes object always has to be either namespaced or not namespaced; it can't be both.

ClusterRoles have several uses. You can use a ClusterRole to:

  1. define permissions on namespaced resources and be granted access within individual namespace(s)

  2. define permissions on namespaced resources and be granted access across all namespaces

  3. define permissions on cluster-scoped resources

If you want to define a role within a namespace, use a Role; if you want to define a role cluster-wide, use a ClusterRole.

ClusterRole In DIGIT

A ClusterRole can be used to grant the same permissions as a Role. Because ClusterRoles are cluster-scoped, you can also use them to grant access to:

  • non-resource endpoints (like /healthz)

  • namespaced resources (like Pods), across all namespaces

    For example: you can use a ClusterRole to allow a particular user to run kubectl get pods --all-namespaces

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: digit-user
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - "extensions"
  resources:
  - deployments
  verbs:
  - patch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods/portforward
  - pods/proxy 
  verbs:
  - create  
  - delete
---  
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: digit-admin
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods/portforward
  - pods/proxy 
  - pods/exec 
  verbs:
  - create  
  - delete
- apiGroups:
  - "batch"
  resources:
  - jobs 
  verbs:
  - create  
  - update
  - patch
  - list
- apiGroups: 
  - "apps"
  - "extensions"  
  resources: 
  - deployments
  verbs: 
  - patch 
  - get 
  - list
  - update    

RoleBinding & ClusterRoleBinding

A role binding grants the permissions defined in a role to a user or set of users. It holds a list of subjects (users, groups, or service accounts), and a reference to the role being granted. A RoleBinding grants permissions within a specific namespace whereas a ClusterRoleBinding grants that access cluster-wide.

A RoleBinding may reference any Role in the same namespace. Alternatively, a RoleBinding can reference a ClusterRole and bind that ClusterRole to the namespace of the RoleBinding. If you want to bind a ClusterRole to all the namespaces in your cluster, you use a ClusterRoleBinding.

RoleBinding In DIGIT

{{- with index .Values "cluster-configs" "rbac" }}
{{- range $idx, $v := . }}                 // These iteration values are defined in the environment file
{{- range $nsidx, $nsval := .namespaces }}  // These iteration values are defined in the environment file 
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: digit-{{ $v.role }}
  namespace: {{ $nsval }}
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: digit-{{ $v.role }}
subjects:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Group
  name: digit-user        
---
{{- end }}
{{- end }}
{{- end }}

A RoleBinding can also reference a ClusterRole to grant the permissions defined in that ClusterRole to resources inside the RoleBinding's namespace. This kind of reference lets you define a set of common roles across your cluster, and then reuse them within multiple namespaces.

For instance, even though the following RoleBinding refers to a ClusterRole, "dave" (the subject, case sensitive) will only be able to read Secrets in the "development" namespace, because the RoleBinding's namespace (in its metadata) is "development".

Define the RBAC config in the Environment file

You must add a namespace to a role section to grant access to a group of a namespace.

cluster-configs:
  rbac:
    - role: user
      namespaces: [egov] // digit-user ClusterRole would be granted to the playground and egov namespace. 
    - role: admin
      namespaces: [playground,egov]  // digit-admin ClusterRole would be granted to the playground and egov namespace. 

cluster-scoped resources (like )

Here is the Digit that can be used to grant read access and restricted admin access

Here is the Digit that we are using to grant access to group

📓
describe objects
privilege escalation prevention and bootstrapping
namespace
nodes
ClusterRole
rolebinading